Effect yarn and process of making same



July 26, 1938. H. Hor-MANN EFFECT YARN AND PROCESS OF MAKING 'SAME Filed oct. 12, 19:55

wucwbofr/ /faya Afef/fran Patented July 26, 1938 UNITED STATES FAENT OFFICE Hugo Hofmann, Elizabethton, Tenn., assignor to American Bemberg Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application October 12, 1935, Serial No. 44,716

10 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of filaments of artificial origin but primarily has for its object the creation of a slubby yarn, that is to say, yarn in which slubs are deliberately 5 formed during the spinning operation.

Another object of the present invention is to manufacture a yarn which when made vinto a fabric will impart a novel eifect thereto.

These and other objects will in part be pointed out and will in part become obvious from a study of the following description and appended claims when taken in conjunction with the attached drawing, in which,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a form of the apparatus used in manufacturing my novel yarn,

Fig. 2 is a modied form of tilting table which may be used in place of the one shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is greatly enlarged View of a portion of my novel thread as made by my new process.

In the drawing in which like numerals of reference indicate like parts, l indicates the spinning funnel as used in the cuprammonium process. `The yarn, which is indicated at 2, is spun in the usual manner that is by extruding the yarn through the funnel with the precipitating liquid. 'I'he yarn 2 and precipitating liquid pass downwardly and out the bottom of the funnel l but instead of passing around a guide, as is usually the case, the precipitating liquid and the yarn together -impinge upon a spinning table 3 which may be, and in this invention usually is tilted.

As the filaments l drop on the spinning table 3 they are only partially coagulated due to the reduced temperature of the precipitating liquid which is below the normal range ordinarily used. Further, the greater quantity and velocity of the precipitating liquid seems to draw the filaments therethrough at a considerably faster rate thereby aiding in keeping the coagulation of the said filaments at a minimum. For example, when 200 denier yarn is ordinarily spun, the take-up speed of the reel is 50 R. P. M., and the precipitating liquid has a flow of 700 cc. per minute with a temperature of 120 F., whereas the manufacture of my novel yarn the temperature is reduced to approximately 85 F. and the quantity thereof increased to a minimum of 1000 cc. per minute.

When the filaments l drop to the spinning table in their partially coagulated state, a loop ls formed which causes tangles or snarles to occur in the yarn, and which further results in a thickening of the said filaments. It may be said that the yarn momentarily piles up at this point until it is coagulated or strengthened sufficiently to be pulled up over a guide 4. The piling up of the yarn is primarily due to the greater quantity of rate of flow of the precipitating liquid which draws the filaments down to the spinning table 3 at a faster rate than the rate at which the said filaments are drawn off by the collecting reel.

The position and size of the guide rod 4 over which the thread l passes is one of the controlling factors of the process. If the guide rod 4 is increased in diameter it is readily seen that more friction is applied as the l passes thereover due to the increased surface contact, or if the position of the guide rod is changed the angle of contact becomes either greater or less thereby either increasing the friction or diminishing the same.

The angle at which the spinning table 3 is tilted is another factor controlling the size and type of slubs created. If the angle of tilt is greater, the yarn will loop more because of its weight and then form larger slubs. It is then to be seen that at least two factors are to be considered for controlling the type and size of the slubs.

In Fig. 2 is illustrated a modified form of spinning table 3a which may be used to obtain slubs of somewhat different shape.

After leaving the guide rod 4 the yarn passes through the acid guide 5 and is fully coagulated after passing therethrough. A rotating reel 6 collects the yarn as it comes from the acid guide.

From the above it is to be noted that the gist of the invention resides in the partial coagulation of the threads when they impinge on the spinning table the continuation of the coagulation and the drawing of the threads from the table.

In View of the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing it is thought the process, apparatus and product disclosed therein will be clear to those skilled in the art to which it relates.

What I claim is:

1. In a process for spinning filaments of artificial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments in a downwardly owing yprecipitating medium, which only partially coagulates them, dropping the partially coagulated filaments together with the precipitating medium on a surface to cause a piling up and tangling of the filaments to take place, drawing the filaments from said precipitating medium and surface, passing them through a coagulating medium, and then collecting them.

2. In a process for spinning filaments of articial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments in a downwardly flowing precipitating medium which onlypartially coagulates them, dropping the partially coagulated filaments together with the precipitating medium on a tiltable surface to cause a piling up and tangling of the filaments toi take place, varying the degree of tilt to control the amount of piling up 'and tangling of the said filaments, drawing the fila-- ments from Vsaid precipitating liquid and surface, passing them through a coagulating medium, and then collecting them.

3. In a process for spinning filaments of artificial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments in a downwardly fiowing precipitating medium which only partially coagulates them, dropping the partially coagulated; filaments togetherwith the precipitating medium on a curved surface to cause a piling up and tangling of the filaments to take place, drawing the filaments from said precipitating medium and surface, passing them through a coagulating medium, and then collecting them. *Y

4; In a process for spinning filamentsv of artificial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments in a downwardly flowing precipitating medium flowing at a rate of at least 1000 cc. per minute whereby the filaments are only partially coagulated dropping the partially coagulated filaments together with the precipitating medium on a surface to cause a piling up andtanglirig of the filaments to take place, drawing the filaments from said precipitating medium and surface, passing them through a coagulating medium, and then collecting them.

5. In a process for spinningY filaments of arti- 40fr ficial origin the steps comprising extruding the ing medium on a surface to cause a piling up and tangling of the filaments to takerplace, drawing' the filaments from said precipitating medium and surface, passing them through a coagulat-` ing medium, and then collecting them.

6. In a process for spinning filaments of Yarticial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments in a downwardlyY flowing precipitating medium flowing at a rate of at least 1000 cc. per minute and at a temperature of approximately F. whereby the filaments are only partially coagulated, dropping the filaments together with the precipitating medium on a surface to cause a piling up and tangling of the filaments to take place, drawing the filaments from said medium and surface and passingthem to a friction surn face, passing them through a coagulating medium, and then collecting them.

7. In a process for spinning filaments of artificial origin the steps comprising extruding the filaments, partially coagulating them, thereafter causing the filaments to pile and adhere, drawing thefilaments from the piling and through a medium which further coagulates. them, and thereafter collecting them.

8. A filament of artificial origin having slub spun therein at recurring intervals, said slubs vconsisting of portions of the filament piled upon itself and adhering, one portion with the other. 9. A thread of artificial origin composed of a plurality of filaments having slubs spun therein at recurringjntervals, said slubs consisting of portions of ythe individual filaments Vpiled upon and adhering to each other. n l0. In a process for spinning a thread of artificial origin, the steps comprising eXtruding the filaments in a precipitating medium which only partially coagulates them, dropping the'partially coagulated filaments on a surface to cause a piling and adhering of the filaments totake place, drawing the filaments fromfsaid surface passing them through a coagulating medium, and

then collecting them at a lesser speed thanthe` 

